Label:
Human Genome Project sequencing, 3D animation with basic narration
Description:
DNAi Location:
Genome>The Project>putting it together>Sequencing and assembly
To begin the sequencing process, several copies of a section of DNA (represented here as a page of text) are cleaved to produce smaller fragments. Although it looks fairly orderly, this step is small-scale \"shotgun,\" which creates numerous random fragments. Each fragment is sequenced, then computer programs align the overlap between fragments to build up an entire page. Marker sequences (shown in yellow) help establish the order of pages in the \"book of life.\" This methodical process produced huge amounts of data that have been used to virtually reassemble our genome. However, there are gaps. Repeat sequences are common in the human genome, so repeats from entirely different chromosome regions may be erroneously joined together. It will take many years to detect mismatches caused by the repeat sequences. Some regions, especially near the centromeres, may never be fully finished.
Biological elements:
DNA, nucleotide, marker, chromosome, genome, centromeres
Concepts precesses:
human genome project, shotgun sequencing
Tools & methods :